Ray Palmer is the second super-hero to call himself The Atom, successor to Al Pratt. Originally a physics professor working at Ivy University, he develops equipment to shrink himself to subatomic levels using white dwarf star material. His wife is Jean Loring, and he is frequently partnered with his closest friend Hawkman. Palmer would have multiple successors some of whom he has worked alongside, including Adam Cray and Ryan Choi. He has been a member of the Justice League of America, Suicide Squad, Teen Titans and Indigo Tribe. Ray Palmer was created by Gardner Fox and Gil Kane, first appearing in Showcase #34. (1961)

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